Hdaya guides

Damp and mould on walls: why it keeps coming back

Last checked 24 October 2026

General advice, not a diagnosis of mould or a treatment for symptoms. Don't mix chemicals. Symptoms that last or get worse need a doctor; the damp source needs a professional.

In short

Mould on a wall is usually a sign of damp, and painting over it fixes nothing. Photograph the spot and let a painter or plasterer find where the water comes from. If a cough or breathlessness lingers, see a doctor.

What to note and photograph

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Step by step

  1. Photograph it and note the likely cause

    At home, without taking risks

    Photograph the mould and note any leak, condensation, water coming in from outside or damp rising in the wall. If you clean the mark but leave the water source, it will come back.

  2. Fix where the water comes from

    With a painter, plasterer or the right maâlem (master tradesman)

    Damp can come from condensation, a leak, outside water or the building itself. Have the source found first: paint over mould looks fine for a while, then it returns.

  3. Renting? Tell the landlord

    With photos and dates

    Keep photos and dates, and tell the landlord or whoever is responsible in writing. Who pays for the repair depends on the lease and the city, so check your contract.

  4. Look after your health

    At the doctor's if symptoms last

    Damp and mould can affect your airways, eyes and skin, more so for people with an existing illness or a weak immune system. A cough, wheeze or shortness of breath that won't go away needs a doctor's advice.

Don't wait: go to the emergency room if…

  • Difficulty breathing
  • Breathing getting worse fast, or heavy wheezing
  • Swelling of the face or throat with difficulty breathing
  • Fainting or confusion

Where to start

Find where the damp comes from

Pick a painter, plasterer or the right tradesman for the source, and see a doctor if symptoms last. Don't mix cleaning products or spread the mould around the house.

Read the reference

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Damp in the walls: where does it come from?

Winter arrives, a dark patch shows up in the corner of the living room, or the bedroom starts to smell damp. Most of the time the water comes from one of these:

  • Condensation: steam from the shower and kitchen settles on a cold wall.
  • A leak: from the roof or a pipe. See Roof leak or ceiling drip: what to do first.
  • Water from outside, or damp rising in the wall.
  • A problem with the building that a professional needs to look at.

What to send the tradesman

  • One photo from a distance to show the room, one close-up of the spot.
  • When it appeared, and whether it gets worse in winter or after showers.
  • Whether you have already painted over it and it came back.

Then ask: what do you think is causing it? What does the job include? What will you do if the damp comes back?

Is the paint peeling too?

If the paint is bubbling or flaking, see Paint peeling or bubbling: why?.

Questions people ask

Does painting get rid of mould?

No. While the damp source is still there, the mould comes back. Find the cause and fix it with a professional.

Who do I call about a damp wall?

A painter or plasterer, or another tradesman depending on the cause: a leak, condensation or a problem with the building.

When should I see a doctor?

If a cough, wheeze or breathlessness doesn't go away. If it looks serious, go straight to the emergency department.

References

Procedures change. If something here is out of date, tell us and we will check it again.

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